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Explanation
AWS connectivity services ensure high availability, fault tolerance, and secure communication. Elastic Load Balancing (ELB) distributes incoming traffic across multiple targets such as EC2 instances, containers, or IP addresses. Different load balancer types support layer 4 and layer 7 traffic patterns. Gateways enable connectivity between networks, including internet gateways for public access, NAT gateways for private subnet egress, and VPN gateways for encrypted connections to on-premises environments. These services form the backbone of scalable and resilient AWS architectures.
Table
| Service | Purpose |
|---|---|
| Application Load Balancer | HTTP/HTTPS routing |
| Network Load Balancer | High-performance TCP/UDP |
| Internet Gateway | Public connectivity |
| NAT Gateway | Private outbound access |
| VPN Gateway | Encrypted hybrid connectivity |
Example
An application runs across multiple EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. Incoming user requests are distributed evenly, ensuring no single instance is overloaded. Private instances access external services through a NAT gateway. A VPN gateway connects the VPC to the company’s on-premises data center. The system remains highly available and secure under variable load.
Use Cases
• High-availability web applications
• Hybrid cloud connectivity
• Secure private networking
• Traffic distribution and fault tolerance
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Virtual Private Cloud (VPC)
